Description : The present study was undertaken to analyze the process of human-induced landscape transformation in the coal mined affected areas of Jaintia Hills district of Meghalaya, northeast India by interpreting temporal remote sensing data using geographic information system. The study revealed that most of the areas were dominated by grassland/non- forest in all the time sequence period of the study. The area under forest cover had decreased about 12.5% and there was about three fold increase in mining area since 1975 to 2007. The area under settlement showed an increasing trend, however, cropped area showed a decreasing trend in time sequence. The total forest area lost during the study period was 43.38 km2, while an increase of 3.23 km2 was recorded in open forest area from 1975- 2007. The change analysis of land use/land cover showed that there was decrease in dense forest to open forest and dense forest to mining areas in temporal series. About 6 km2 of the dense forest was changed to the open forest during 1975 to 1987 and thereafter rate of change showed a decreasing trend. However, more than 6 km2 area of open forest was converted into non- forest during that period. There was gradual increase in open forest to mining and nonforest areas which revealed that there was more pressure on open forest areas in recent years. The forest fragmentation study revealed that a considerable portion of the study area was dominated by non- forest. There was an increasing trend for areas under high fragmentation up to 1999 and thereafter there was loss of about 9 km2 areas of high fragmentation in to nonforest area. More than 68 km2 area was identified as the areas at risk. The present study revealed that mining activities were detrimental to the vegetation. Thus, it is advisable that such activities have to be strictly regulated to avoid further damage and scientific mining has to be taken up in a proper manner to minimize the damage to the vegetation. The present change analysis can be useful to find out the change in different land use/land cover pattern in mine affected areas and it will be also helpful to delineate the vegetation areas under risk due to mining activities. The findings of the study could be quite useful while formulating the Management Plan for the district.